Property Law

Transferee Pendente Lite Bound by Specific Performance Decree: No Right to Obstruct Possession

Case Name: Alka Shrirang Chavan & Anr. vs Hemchandra Rajaram Bhonsale & Ors.
Date: January 12, 2026
NEW JUDGMENT

Case Overview

The Supreme Court dismissed appeals by subsequent purchasers (transferees pendente lite) who obstructed execution of a specific performance decree. The Court held that transferees during litigation are bound by the doctrine of lis pendens under Section 52 of the Transfer of Property Act and cannot claim independent rights to resist execution of the decree.

Key Legal Principles Established:

  • ✓ Doctrine of lis pendens makes transfers during litigation subservient to final decree
  • ✓ Transferees pendente lite step into shoes of judgment debtor
  • ✓ No independent right to obstruct execution proceedings
  • ✓ Order XXI Rules 97-101 CPC provide complete adjudication mechanism

Case Timeline

April 26, 1973

Original agreement for sale executed between Hemchandra (Plaintiff) and Rajaram (Defendant)

April 28, 1986

Regular Civil Suit No. 910/1986 filed for specific performance

May 2, 1986

Lis pendens notice registered by plaintiff

May-August 1987

Defendant transferred property through 8 sale deeds to various purchasers (pendente lite)

November 30, 1990

Trial court decreed suit in favor of plaintiff

March 25, 1993

Court Commissioner executed sale deed in favor of decree holder

November 1995-1996

Appellants purchased portions from original transferees

January 18, 2019

Appellants obstructed possession during execution

January 12, 2026

Supreme Court dismissed appeals, upheld eviction

Citizen's Guide: Understanding the Judgment

What does "lis pendens" mean for property buyers?

Answer: Lis pendens means "pending litigation." If you buy property during ongoing litigation about that property, your purchase is subject to the court's final decision. You cannot claim superior rights over the original parties.

Can I be evicted if I bought property from someone involved in a court case?

Answer: Yes. If the seller was defending a specific performance suit and you bought during the case, you inherit their position. If they lose, you must vacate the property.

What due diligence should I do before buying property?

Answer: Always check: 1) Litigation status at local court, 2) Lis pendens register at Sub-Registrar office, 3) Title search for pending suits, 4) Physical inspection for possession claims.

Key Legal Terms Explained

Lis Pendens

Latin for "pending suit." Legal doctrine that prevents transfer of property rights during litigation from affecting the outcome.

Transferee Pendente Lite

A person who purchases property during the pendency of litigation concerning that property.

Section 52, TP Act

Statutory provision codifying lis pendens doctrine - prohibits property transfers affecting litigation rights.

Order XXI Rule 97 CPC

Procedure for decree holder to complain about resistance/obstruction during execution.

Actionable Checklist for Property Buyers

Always conduct litigation search before property purchase
Check lis pendens register at Sub-Registrar office
Verify if seller is party to any court proceedings
Ensure clear title for minimum 30 years backward chain
Obtain indemnity bond against litigation risks

Legal Principles Established

1. Doctrine of Lis Pendens (Section 52 TP Act): Property cannot be transferred during pending litigation so as to affect rights of any party under the decree.

2. Transferee's Position: Transferee pendente lite steps into shoes of transferor (judgment debtor) and is bound by decree.

3. No Independent Right: Such transferee has no independent right to resist execution under Order XXI CPC.

4. Complete Adjudication: Order XXI Rules 97-101 provide complete mechanism for adjudicating obstruction claims.

5. Finality of Decree: Once decree attains finality, transferee must hand over possession.

⚠️ Important Disclaimer

This analysis is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. The content is based on judicial interpretation and may be subject to changes in law. Always consult a qualified legal professional for specific legal guidance regarding property transactions or litigation matters.